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Expecting Moms, Unexpected Skin Conditions

Tips for Minimizing and Treating “Pregnancy Mask”

For every mother-to-be, pregnancy brings an abundance of expectations. With a sense of excitement, a woman anticipates her growing belly, feeling that first kick, and hearing her newborn cry in the delivery room. But she doesn’t expect hormone-related skin conditions that can change her appearance and create a sense of self-consciousness.

Unfortunately, researchers estimate that three out of four pregnant women will develop melasma (called “choloasma” when pregnancy-related), which affects the cheeks, upper lip, and sometimes forehead, nose and chin. Commonly referred to as the “pregnancy mask,” the condition is known for causing dark blotches that form a symmetrical pattern on either side of the nose.

 

Unmasking the Cause

Melasma is caused by hormonal fluctuations that take place in pregnancy, but can also occur as a consequence of birth control or fertility treatments. The increased hormone levels cause blotchy areas of darkened skin, called “hyperpigmentation,” to form on the face. The hormone to blame is called melanin, which defines the color of our skin, hair, and eyes, but which can be quite a nuisance when it comes to hyperpigmentation. Women with olive skin tones or darker complexions are often more prone to melasma. For some, melasma fades after delivery; but for others, the masklike hyperpigmentation remains a concern after childbirth.

Because the size and shape of melasma blotches vary, it’s sometimes easy to mistake melasma for sunspots. But these small areas of hyperpigmentation ─ caused by sun exposure ─ tend to be darker and scattered over the face like freckles. Melasma typically develops in larger patches on the cheeks (though it can affect the forehead, nose, and jaw line) and has a telltale symmetrical shape. Should you notice changes to your skin, consult a medical professional for evaluation and treatment options.

 

Protecting Your Complexion

Since melasma is a hormonal condition, there is no way to prevent it completely. However, expecting moms can avoid the darkening of their melasma blotches by wearing an effective sunscreen. Look for a mineral-based, broad spectrum sunscreen that offers UVA and UVB protection with an SPF of 30 or higher. Ideally, sunscreen should contain physical blockers, such as zinc oxide and titanium dioxide (both are safe for women who are pregnant or nursing).

Of course, for sunscreen to be effective, women must wear it every day. Many make-up foundations offer sun protection, but not enough to prevent hyperpigmentation and sun damage. These products must be paired with a layer of sunscreen to be truly effective. Even women who spend most of the day indoors are exposed to sunlight near windows, walking to and from the car, or while driving. As these short periods of exposure add up, women may soon notice the darkening of melasma. Because women’s skin is more sensitive during pregnancy, it’s important to limit sun exposure whenever possible. When headed to the beach or planning a day outdoors, moms-to-be should wear a hat and be sure to slather on the sunscreen.

 

Exploring Treatment Options

The time to treat melasma is after you’ve welcomed your new baby into the world. But if you’re nursing or plan to become pregnant again soon, it’s important to check with your physician before pursuing any treatment for hyperpigmentation─even if it’s over the counter. Also, be sure to let your practitioner know if the areas of hyperpigmentation are tender or painful. These symptoms, along with moles that have changed in size or color, may be signs of skin cancer.

For new moms concerned about melasma, an effective option may be a chemical peel. Specifically designed to reduce the appearance of pregnancy mask, this advanced skin-lightening peel is made from a potent mix of natural ingredients. Another choice is the daily use of hydroquinone and Retin-A creams, which can reduce and prevent future darkening. However, women must keep in mind that these creams can cause sun hypersensitivity and aren’t safe to use during pregnancy or while nursing.

Those who prefer natural remedies can also try topical treatments such as Kojic acid, Azelaic acid, Licorice extract, Salicylic acid, and Vitamin C. Results can vary and women shouldn’t expect instant results, as it can sometimes take months to see improvement. One warning to note: laser treatments should not be used for melasma and could even make the condition worse.

 

Getting the Support You Deserve

There are many beautiful aspects of pregnancy, but melasma isn’t one of them. And unfortunately, women who have experienced it once will always have a propensity for the condition. But with the right treatment ─ and the support of a knowledgeable, experienced skin professional ─ a woman can control her melasma and focus on the beauty of her new baby.

 

For more information about specific treatment options, please visit the Orlando Aesthetic Institute at www.orlandoai.com.